The role of advertising and branding within the laptop industry and Dissertation - 1

The job of publicizing and marking inside the PC business and its consequences for shopper buy choice in Leeds United Ki - Dissertation Example It is because of the explanation that the ideas to a great extent identifies with the preferences and impression of the client which are very testing to be evaluated. Results and Findings: The outcomes got from the information search uncover that promoting is very huge as an affecting component of brand steadfastness in the PC advertise in the UK. Be that as it may, other than compelling promoting there are additionally different variables that will in general make a solid effect on the brand inclinations and buyer purchasing conduct that thus connotes the brand dedication of the clients. List of chapters Abstract 2 Chapter 1: Introduction 6 1.1.Significance of Study 9 1.2.Research Objectives 10 1.3.Research Questions 10 1.5.Overview of Chapters 12 Chapter 2: Literature Review 14 2.1. Presentation 14 2.2. Buyer Behavior 14 2.3. The Need for a Consumer Behavior Model 16 2.4. Model of Consumer Behavior 18 2.5. The Major Factors of Influence on Consumer Behavior 19 2.6. Social Factors 2 0 2.7. Social Factors 20 2.8. Individual Factors 21 2.9. Mental Factors 24 2.10. The Buying Decision Process 24 2.11. Purchaser Decision Process 25 2.12. Significance of Branding 27 2.13. Brand Loyalty and its Effect on Consumer Behavior 28 2.14 Advertising as a Major Component to Persuade Customers 30 2.15. Job of Advertising in Building Brand Loyalty 32 Chapter 3: Research Methodology 34 3.1 Introduction 34 3.2 Research Design 35 3.2.1 Historical Research 37 3.2.2 Quantitative and Qualitative Research 37 3.3 Validity and Reliability 39 3.3.1 Qualitative Study 42 3.3.2 Data Collection 43 3.3.3 Data Analysis 45 3.4 Primary Research 47 3.4.1 Questionnaires 47 3.4.2 Interview 48 3.5 Usage of Methodologies in the Research 48 Chapter 4: Findings and Analysis 50 4.1. Diagram 50 4.2. Discoveries and Analysis of the Obtained Data 51 4.2.1. Promoting Strategies Adopted By Laptop Companies in the UK 51 4.2.2. Effect of Brand Awareness on the Consumer Buying Behavior 53 4.2.3. Connection betw een Advertising, Brand Awareness and Brand Image 54 4.2.4. Effect of Advertising on Sales of Laptops 57 4.2.5. Impact of Age, Employment and Gender on Brand Preferences and Consumer Buying Behavior in the Laptop Market 61 4.2.6. Preferences of Advertising from Customers Point of View 62 4.3. Outline 64 Chapter 5: Discussion and Conclusion 65 5.1. Conversation 65 5.2. End 72 5.3 Recommendation for Further Improvement 74 Chapter 6: Learning Statement 77 References 80 Bibliography 90 Questionnaire 93 Chapter 1: Introduction The fundamental expectation of showcasing is to fulfill and satisfy the need of the authoritative productivity and needs of the pointed shoppers. Customer is considered as God in showcasing so (Skalen and Et. Al., 2008), the way toward showcasing and it’s arranging spins around the purchaser. Promoting helps in distinguishing the planned purchasers, piling up of brand in the serious condition and above all the needs and aims while settling on a purchasing cho ice. Long back, nearly before 35 years, Peter Drucker had seen that it is the strategic an association to â€Å"create customers† (Kotler, 2000). It had been especially called attention to that it was workable for organizations to raise their incomes by 25% to 85% by achieving a decrease in abandonments of customers just by 5% (Reichheld and Teal, 2001). In the interim, from the period of 1980, the most significant and

Marketing Plan for a Pest Control Company Essay

Official Summary: One of the significant undertakings that should be perceived by an irritation control organization is to make mindfulness among the business firms and the inhabitants and to enhance the market contributions and administrations to manage the issue of bugs. The bugs could incorporate the rodent control at residential premises, winged creature control, family unit and disturbance bothers which incorporate cricket, ants, cockroaches, insects; creature bugs which incorporate mice, snakes, lost canines and felines; malady vectors like bugs, moths, honey bees, mosquitoes and so on. The organization should feature its profile and show its quality and impart to the intended interest group that they offer the irritation control administrations at serious costs than other specialist organizations. In light of the consumer loyalty overview directed plainly the degree of fulfillment was lower and the territories which required improvement was in the subsequent assistance, give increasingly point by point data about the item and permit better and quicker reaction time. In this way the irritation control organization needs to normally complete studies on fulfillment and the requirements and needs of the objective gatherings. Natural Analysis: The showcasing plan needs to get knowledge into the wellbeing and ecological security looking towards fitting vermin distinguishing proof and its administration alongside worry towards capacity of the pesticide, transportation, its use and the removal factor. The irritation control organization ought to recognize and make attention to the decrease of pesticide use and to improve the insurance of the earth with least tainting of nature by being practical which is conceivable just if the organization distinguishes productive bug the executives and control procedures there by going along to the vital guidelines and the laws. SWOT Analysis: The chances and dangers which the nuisance control organization will confront are the likely measurements and changes that the market will be influenced by, the serious powers and the purchasing elements of the shoppers and distinguishing proof of the intended interest group are the pivotal components which should be thought of and tapping upon the un-saw showcase portion by keeping the eyes open and being engaged. The shortcoming would be as far as the twofold pay family area whose accessibility and access to is hard for the organizations to approach during their business hours. Another shortcoming the organization faces is on the estimating technique where in dependent on the distinctions in the atmosphere here and there, the cost will be fixed upon. Advertising Objectives: The vermin control company’s primary goal ought to be to characterize their objective portion which could be the private house proprietors, private landowners, and private occupants, nearby business houses by expanding mindfulness among them by actualizing a solid promoting and correspondence plan on the proportions of irritation control administration that will help in ensuring the products, property, condition and general wellbeing from bothers. The firm ought to likewise attempt to upgrade upon their demonstrable skill to guarantee client centered help and increment the consumer loyalty levels. Improve an incentive for cash and produce higher salary for business houses or irritation control specialist co-ops by not trading off upon the highest caliber inside the restrictions of the spending plan and the budgetary imperatives. Showcasing Strategies: In request to incubate upon a decent advertising arrangement the bug control organization needs to gain proficiency with the artistic work of selling their administrations. The firm at first can begin with cross showcasing which includes teaching the current customers or clients about the additional contributions so no additional expenses are brought about on promoting and the current demographic will surely help in getting the vast majority of the business. The firm will center upon the present showcasing channels and embrace a concentrated promoting exertion which incorporates websites,â â commercials, logos on trucks, making an exhaustive introduction to the intended interest groups by distinguishing the correct sort of message that should be situated in their psyches. Some extra techniques that could be embraced are: Utilize Traditional strategies: Market the extra administrations on the business catalog of the registry, running on paper or radio promotions or pamphlets/flyers or boards. System Marketing: This is a solid advertising method which manages contacting the references gave of different organizations or house proprietors by either appropriating postcards and pamphlets and coupons to each client regardless of their need so that at any rate when they spread the news of mouth exposure is ensured. Individual Approach to prepare and show the majority: Setting up gatherings, workshops, introductions, classes with the forthcoming customers at different clubs and associations would delineate the genuineness of the showcasing approach. Need Identification and Be Focused: The Company ought to recognize all alone if any gathering of the objective market require the bug control instrument to be executed which will give a positive impressions to the crowds that they will be furnished with legitimate after deals support. Urging to have ones own site improvement for making mindfulness with loaded with substance and data can make the online business advance in its business edge, give more extensive decisions to the shoppers and manage the individuals who experienced bunches of disarray by anticipating solid messages with an appealing brand name and adjusting their inquiries every minute of every day.

Can You Flee Your Debt by Fleeing the Country

Can You Flee Your Debt by Fleeing the Country Can You Flee Your Debt by Fleeing the Country? Can You Flee Your Debt by Fleeing the Country?Most debts wont follow you to another country, but staying one step ahead of your creditors might be a lot harder than you think.Debt can feel like a massive weight hanging around your neck. Whether its from student loans, credit cards, personal loans, or a series of ill-advised no credit check loans and cash advances, and an excessive amount of debt will seriously hamstring your purchasing power.Wouldn’t it be nice if it would all go away? And if it won’t go away, maybe you can just run away. Can you escape your debt by fleeing the country?Sort of! In some circumstances!We hope that answered your question. Thanks for reading!Just kidding. We spoke to the experts to find out if your plan to escape your debt by fleeing the country has any merit. Send your debt a postcard.Although it sounds like a fantasy out of a thriller novel, it’s not impossible to escape some of your debts by leaving the country. But of course, you’ll have to have the means to leave the country.And if you’re struggling with debt, you may not have access to those means, let alone the kind of money you’ll need to establish residency in a whole new country.If you do have connections or a support network in a different country, however, you might be able to put some actual distance between you and your debt.“Your debt doesn’t follow you to your new country,” began Leslie H. Tayne Esq. (@LeslieHTayneEsq), Founder and Head Attorney at  Tayne Law Group  (@taynelawgroup), “but it will stay on your credit report in this country and,  depending on what type of debt, it could be there for a while so you’ll need to plan whether this is a short-term escape or long-term ‘I’m never coming back.’I actually have a client who went to Europe and said when he makes enough money to pay off his debt he’ll come back and in the meantime, he doesn’t seem to care. That’s not to say it isn’t on his credit report here in the US because i t is.”So if you manage to get over the border, your debt holders are out of luck, right? They’ll just take their hat off their head and toss it on the ground, stomp on it with a big “gosh darn it” and watch you sail off into the distance.Okay, its not really that simple.It’d be a pretty big loophole if leaving the country magically canceled your debt. But as Tayne made clear, it’s not that easy.Here’s what she told us:“The reality is that while a creditor will not usually come after you outside the country for things like credit card debt, you can and will be responsible for the debt here in the US until the debt expires. If they sue you then that expiration date extends depending on the state you’re sued in.Yes, they can still sue you while you are abroad. If you’re gone you might think they can’t get a judgment but if you’re sued, and they serve your last known address, and no answer to the suit is filed you can have a judgment against you, and then they ca n try to enforce that judgment against any remaining monies or assets in this country.If you leave behind a checking or savings account in the US or your social security is attached to one these, it may be within reach of legal action judgment enforcement.”Assets left behind will be vulnerable.Whether or not you were able to take your assets with you can impact how likely they are to be seized and whether you can feasibly get out of your debts through bankruptcy.“If you leave the country and take your assets with you, you might be able to escape the debt as a practical matter,” Dean Kaplan, President of The Kaplan Group, told us. “The statute of limitations on a debt is typically four to six years, although it varies in each state. So if the statute of limitations is approaching, the creditor needs to sue the debtor in court to get a judgment so that the debt does not expire.Judgments typically are good for seven to 10 years depending on the state. Judgments can be renewed v ery inexpensively for additional seven-to-10-year periods until they are paid. So the debtor can be obligated to pay for the rest of their life unless they file bankruptcy.“If a person has assets that significantly exceed the value of a debt, then bankruptcy typically isnt an option. If they know the creditor is going to keep coming after them to get paid using all legal means, then fleeing the country and taking the assets with you is an option. It will make it much harder for the creditor to collect.“If you leave the assets in the USA and the creditor can find them, they can get the court to order that cash be turned over to the creditor or other assets be sold via an auction with the proceeds used to pay off the debt. But if you transfer your cash to offshore accounts, sell your real estate and cars, and buy property in a foreign country, it makes it much more difficult on the creditor.”So it’s theoretically possible to get away from some of your debts, but it isn’t eas y.Some debts never die.  But not all debts will go down so easily! Some will stick around and might cause significant problems for your world trotting plans.“You cant run from tax debt,” warned Michael Eckstein, owner of Eckstein Tax Services. “If you owe the IRS more than $51,000, the State Department may deny a new passport application or revoke a current passport. But, if youre outside the US when that happens, they may issue a limited passport so you can come back.”Tayne echoed the concern about tax issues and and told us about another debt you won’t be able to shake so easily: “You may not have your creditors chasing after you, but creditors like the IRS will expect you to file tax returns still and pay what you owe them unless you are giving up citizenship.It’s important to note the type of debt you have because IRS debt or state tax debt can lead to suspended driver’s licenses and passports, so you want to be careful of the kind of debt you’re running from. Student loan debt with no expiration of the debt can follow you forever so then your decision should take that into consideration.”Leaving your debt behind will probably end up being more troublesome than trying to negotiate with your creditors. While getting hounded by collectors over a small-dollar bad credit loan,  payday loan  or title loans  might be a hassle, its not worth going all  Shawshank Redemption over it.Have more questions about debt? Check out these related posts and articles from OppLoans:Financial Priorities: Which Debts Should You Pay Off First?Can Your Social Security Benefits be Garnished to Pay a Debt?Does Medical Debt Really Go Away After Seven Years?Are Balance Transfers a Good Way to Pay Down Debt?Do you know anyone whos tried to skip out on a debt by moving countries? We want to hear from you! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.ContributorsMichael Eckstein, EA is the owner of  Eckstein Tax Services in Huntington, NY and enrolled to practice befo re the IRS. He specializes in helping Long Islanders and small businesses tackle taxes, accounting, and payroll. Outside the office, Michael is the treasurer of the Huntington Business Improvement District and member of the local Lions Club.Dean Kaplan is President of  The Kaplan Group, a commercial collection agency specializing in large claims and international transactions. He has 35 years of international business experience, traveling to over 40 countries to negotiate over $500 million in mergers and acquisitions and other business deals. He previously owned a manufacturing firm that counted Disney, Warner Brothers, Macy’s, Hard Rock Casinos as customers.Leslie H. Tayne, Esq.  (@LeslieHTayneEsq) has nearly 20 years’ experience in the practice area of consumer and business financial debt-related services. Leslie is the founder and head attorney at  Tayne Law Group  (@taynelawgroup), which specializes in debt relief.

Technology And Its Impact On Healthcare - 1671 Words

In today’s day and age we are a society that revolves around technology, with this being said as technology changes so does our society. In today’s healthcare fields the same is true healthcare revolves around technology and its advances. These technologies play a major role in the way we do things in healthcare and also how we give care to patients. One major technology that is currently revolutionizing healthcare is telehealth. The concept of telehealth has many different aspects which are helping to eliminate gaps in the current healthcare system by building bridges linking patients to all of their healthcare needs. It also allows to healthcare members to easily monitor patients and gain knowledge to give care. Telehealth is clearly positive effecting healthcare today, but even despite these positive effects of these technologies telehealth still face many challenges moving forward. Telehealth is identified as a variety of health services that are given using differ ent telecommunication technologies. These telecommunication technologies include telephones, computers, video connections, and other monitoring technologies. Seeing how there is now a various amount of uses for telehealth technologies that are being used more and more frequently, and according to McGonigle telehealth monitoring was used for 308,000 patients in 2012 and will reach 1.8 billion patients by 2017 (pg. 316, 2012). The various types of telehealth technologies include telemedicine, telemonitoring,Show MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Technology On Healthcare813 Words   |  4 PagesImpact of Technology on Healthcare 1) Discuss the principles of maintaining a legal HER and ramifications of not doing so? The development of electronic health records (EHR) history began within about the last 50 years with acceleration taking place since the January 2009 passage of Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (HITECH), which was over a 30 billion dollar healthcare delivery EHR transformation. In the beginning EHR was only available to large organizations whoRead MoreThe Impact Of Information Technology On Healthcare1616 Words   |  7 PagesHOLMES INSTITUTE OF HIGHER EDUCATION BRISBANE HC1041B IT for Business Topic Impact of Information Technology on Healthcare. Individual Assignment Submitted to: Mr. Dushyant Singh Submitted by: Dinesh Madhav (RWY8001) INTRODUCTION IT is utilized as a part of such a variety of fields in our everyday life. From Engineers to Doctors, Students, Teachers, and Government Organization they all use IT to perform particular assignments, for enjoyment or just to complete office work. ITRead MoreThe Impact Of Technology On A Healthcare Setting961 Words   |  4 PagesWebinars is a technology which can also be used for seminars, meetings, and interacting with individuals from all over the globe by having internet access that provides connection for communication (McGonigle, 2015). The purpose of the technology in a healthcare setting can be for continuing education and keep staff members aware of new evidence based findings. As healthcare settings are constantly changing all employees must remain competent in their particular filed of work in order to provideRead MoreImpact Of Technologies On The Economics Of Healthcare1195 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Evaluate the impact technological changes have had on the economics of health care and what these changes mean to the health care industry, addressing at least two (2) changes. Healthcare is being influenced by a myriad of disruptive technologies that are having a corresponding impact on the economics of health providers and the entire health care industry value chain. The two most disruptive technologies of all are cloud computing (Corredor, Martà ­nez, Familiar, 2011) and telemedicine administeredRead MoreThe Impact Of Medical Technology On Healthcare878 Words   |  4 PagesMedical technology encompasses a wide range of healthcare products and is used to diagnose, monitor, and treat diseases or medical conditions that affect humans. This may included but not limited too, pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and medical equipment. Such technologies are intended to improve the quality of healthcare delivered through earlier diagnosis, less invasive treatment options and reductions in hospital stays and rehabilitation times. Recent advances in medical technology have also focusedRead MoreTechnology s Impact On Healthcare1227 Words   |  5 Pagesappliances. The se are everyday pieces of technology present these days. Technology is defined as â€Å"the branch of knowledge that deals with the creation and use of technical means and their interrelation with life, society, and the environment, drawing upon such subjects as industrial arts, engineering, applied science, and pure science.† (Dictionary) As a nursing student, one may ponder how technology will impact healthcare. Technology drastically impacts healthcare. There are numerous angles to approachRead MoreThe Impact Of Technology On The Healthcare Field1541 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract While advancements in technology have positively impacted the nursing field, it has also created huge concerns with patient privacy and sharing of protected health information leading to detrimental effects to patients and their families. Indeed, technology is changing the face of healthcare with positive innovations to reduce medication errors and documentation errors. However, technology at our fingertips has created immense concerns with sharing of protected health information of patientsRead MoreTechnology in the Healthcare Industry and Its Impact1957 Words   |  8 PagesI. Technology in the healthcare industry today and its impact The state of technology in the healthcare industry is that it is developing very rapidly. 10 or 20 years ago, you wouldn’t be able to find very many computers or technology at a typical doctor’s office. Most of the stuff was done with analog equipment and manual paperwork. Now, if you go into a doctor’s office, you will find it laden with advanced technical equipment and computer technology. You may not even find a pen or pad on the doctor’sRead MoreImpact of Technology on Healthcare Industry1843 Words   |  7 PagesThe overall health care industry has undergone fundamental change over the last decade. Most of the changes have occurred within the underlying business operation of the healthcare industry. Legislation in particular has had a profound impact on the health care industry. First, due to the Affordable Care Act of 2010, the nursing profession is undergoing a fundamental shift in regards to the patient experience. The U.S. health care system is n ow shifting the focus from acute and specialty care toRead MoreTechnology And Its Impact On The Healthcare Industry1456 Words   |  6 PagesTechnological In the millennial era, technology is at the forefront of all industries, especially within the healthcare industry. Thrive Healthcare prides itself on technological breakthrough that enhances its ability to provide high quality of care and at an affordable price. Electronic documentation within the Thrive Health connect system, was one of many advancements in the healthcare industry. The idea of convenient charting that can be retrieved instantaneously by any provider across the continuum

The Gonorrhea Disease A Sexually Transmitted Disease Essay

The leading cause of the disease Gonorrhea is the proliferation of the bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae, also known as gonococci or gonococcus. This bacterium is a gram-negative diplococcus, meaning it has a thin peptidogylcan layer in its cell wall and it is spherical in shape and found in pairs. The organism is usually found in the cell in a phagocytic leukocyte, with various nuclei shapes. Because the bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae is found within a phagocytic white blood cell, it is unknown whether or not the bacteria is in the process of being killed or if they survive indefinitely. Neisseria gonorrhoeae is reported and notified as one of the most common bacterium affecting the reproductive system in humans. While Gonorrhea is a†¦show more content†¦Techniques that can be used to isolate the bacteria, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, are Gram Staining, oxidase test, and a catalase test. The transmission of Gonorrhea is strictly direct contact, most commonly transmitted through sexu al contact with an infected person. Transmission of this contagious sexual disease also includes having direct contact with infected bodily fluids. For example, a mother could pass on the infection to her newborn during childbirth. Gonorrhea is an infection of the reproductive system in either women or men. However, it can be acquired at any point of sexual contact, including oral-pharyngeal and anal. During infection, the gonococcus attaches to the mucosal cells of the epithelial wall by the means of fimbriae. The mucus membranes of the human body provide Neisseria gonorrhoeae with the warm and moist conditions necessary for its growth. These areas include the oral-pharyngeal area, the eyes, rectum, urethra, the opening of the cervix, and the external genitals of prepubertal females. The invading pathogen enters the body through the spaces separating columnar epithelial cells found in the warm moist areas of the human body. The release of endotoxins in the bacterial cell wall stimu lating inflammation in which leukocytes move into theShow MoreRelatedSexually Transmitted Disease, Gonorrhea713 Words   |  3 PagesGonorrhea is one of many highly contagious sexually transmitted infections caused by the bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae, a gram-negative intracellular diplococcus. These infectious bacteria can spread through sexual contact and intercourse, as well as transmission during childbirth from mother to fetus. This specific bacterium likes to grow in warm, moist areas of the body. They can multiply very fast and infect the mucous membranes. Gonorrhea is said to infect an approximate 820,000 people in theRead MoreGonorrhea Is The Second Most Prevalent Sexually Transmitted Disease1104 Words   |  5 PagesGonorrhea is the second most prevalent sexually transmitted disease in the world (Unemo 2011). Throughout time this disease has prevailed against different antibiotic defenses. This evolutionary advantage has allowed gonorrhea to continue its survival and t ransmission into different hosts. Understanding what causes the disease is important because what causes the symptoms in gonorrhea-infectected hosts can explain why this disease is successful. Taking a look at the evolutionary history in gonorrheaRead MoreSexually Transmitted Diseases Essay1303 Words   |  6 PagesSexually Transmitted Diseases Sex is a popular subject; it is on television, in advertisements, in magazines, and practically everywhere. One very serious side effect of an increase of sexual activity is the risk of contracting sexually transmitted diseases. They affect more than twelve million Americans each year. Sexually transmitted diseases are becoming common and widely spread throughout Americans because of unprotected sex, permiscuity, and multiple sex partners. SomeRead MoreCollege Students In The United States Frequently Engage1508 Words   |  7 Pagesengaging in unsafe sex with a stranger is acquiring a sexually transmitted disease (STD). Medline Plus describes sexually transmitted diseases as â€Å"infections that are passed from one person to another through sexual contact and are a cause of bacteria, parasites, yeast, and viruses† (Medline Plus, n.d.). 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It is a species of gram-negative spherical-shaped diplococci bacteria that is responsible for this disease. It is usually seen in pairs with neighboring sides flattened. The organism is usually found in the cell in a particular category of white blood cells with various shapes of nuclei, of the gonorrhea pustule exudates with humans as its only natural host. N. gonorrhoeae is highlyRead MoreStds Essay1077 Words   |  5 Pages20-24 was 2,643.8 per 100,000 (2016 Sexually, 2017). Which shows that chlamydia cases are highest among adolescents and young adults aged 15-24 years. Also, between 2015-2016 Gonorrhea rates reported increased 11.3% age 15-19 years, 20-24 years 10.9%, and for primary and secondary syphilis rates increased 13.0% age 15-19 and 8.1% for age 20-24 (2016 Sexually, 2017). Reported Cases of STD in the United States The CDC estimates 20 million new sexually transmitted infections occur every year, and accounting

How Fair British Education for All Free Essays

HOW FAIR BRITISH EDUCATION FOR ALL This essay will analyse how education system helps to maintain class inequality in contemporary Britain. In Britain, a good quality of public education service has been promised for all children regardless of ethnicity, race or income. Unfortunately, School League Table and recent surveys show opposite. We will write a custom essay sample on How Fair British Education for All or any similar topic only for you Order Now In 1944, the government passed Education Act which allowed all children to receive secondary education. Children would be selected by ability for different types of school through an IQ test called the 11+ (in Scotland, the qualifying exam). Between 1964 and 1974, all secondaries re-organised into comprehensive schools instead of IQ test selection. In today’s Britain, there are state (92%) and private (8%) schools with level of primary, secondary and tertiary. Vocational or non-vocational curriculum is being used and leaving school age is 16 since 1972. Universities continue to grow and now 40% of 18 year olds go onto university whereas in 1960s it was 5% of school leavers. Although the vast majority (80%) of private school pupils go into the university, almost 40% of state school pupils go into the further education. This shows that class inequality exists in British education system. All sociologists accept that education is important in society as people receive 15000 hours of compulsory education. However, they have different opinions about the role of education in society. The originator of the functionalist ideology, Emile Durkheim (1858-1917) argued that education is an agent of secondary socialisation which transmits norms, values and roles (value consensus) and acts as a bridge between family and the whole social system. He claims pupils should see themselves as part of a nation by learning of certain subjects which can establish a common political identity for social solidarity, i. e. history, so pupils can see similarities between themselves and the past society. American sociologist, Talcott Parsons (1903-1979) developed Durkheim’s ideas. He argues that everybody has the same chance to succeed, therefore pupils who are most successful in schools due to their effort and ability and different talents are fitted into appropriate jobs. This is known as meritocracy. People also learn skills required by modern industrial society in order to keep nation efficient and allow people earn a living. These skills may be general skills such as literacy and numeracy or specific skills required by particular occupations. The weakness of functionalism is no explanation for how all schools, including religious and fee-paying schools, can transmit a common value system while there are many individuals with different values. They assume the education system establish fair standards for everyone so pupils can achieve their status in society. This meritocratic approach cannot be true if private and grammar schools are considered as private schools have advantage to state schools. 40% gap of entering higher education between middle class and working class children shows the reality. The other strong ideology is Marxism. The founder, Karl Marx (1818-1883), assumes that education is part of society that is vital for the ruling class (bourgeoisie) to exploit the working class (proletariat). French Marxist philosopher, Louis Pierre Althusser (1918-1990) argues that education system tells people what to believe and how to achieve it which creates false consciousness known as Ideological State Apparatus (ISA). The system also legitimates inequality. Meritocracy and hidden curriculum makes people believe that individual differences are the reasons for success and failure. In addition, Bowles Gintis suggest that education system produces a workforce with the skills and attitudes required by employers, thus ensuring that profits continue to be made for the ruling class. They also insist there is a pattern of success or failure related to social factors such as class, ethnicity and selection does not occur on basis of ability. Although Marxism provides strong ideas, it has some weak points such as not telling how teachers are â€Å"tools† of the system and showing pupils as passive. It does not explain how the bourgeoisie control the system for their own benefits. Functionalists defined â€Å"cultural deprivation† to explain working class underachievement. It means children who lack the basic cultural norms, values, language and skills that commonly shared by most other members of society. As Basil Bernstein states that working class families speak in â€Å"restricted code† which means smaller vocabulary, less adjectives and adverbs, information is short with no details or additional explanations, while middle class families speak in â€Å"elaborated code†, with more effective communication. Therefore working class pupils have limited skills required by education such as describing, analysing and comparing whereas middle class pupils have enough mental stimulation which is crucial as teachers use elaborated code. Hart Risley supported this thesis by saying a professional’s child knows more words than a working class family’s child and likely to be more successful in school. However, it fails to consider material deprivation and structural inequalities, the organisation of school and teacher’s expectations. Nell Keddie states that working class culture is different not deficient. Blackstone and Mortimore (1994) argue that working class families have no less interest in their children’s education. Paul Willis tries to answer criticism of Marxism and shows that there is no meritocracy in a capitalist society in his study called â€Å"Learning to Labour†. The â€Å"lads† (12 pupils) had their own counter-school culture which was opposed to the values espoused by the school. The lads felt superior both to the teacher and to conformist pupils. They can see through the ideological smokescreen which means they are aware of capitalistic society is not meritocratic and they will end up having low-paid jobs so there is no need to gain qualifications. Although they believe workplace is a sense of adulthood/manhood, they still have the same attitude: the lack of respect for authority and having a â€Å"laff†. Therefore education can have unintended consequences on pupils which may not be completely beneficial to capitalism. Despite the significant findings, this study has a small-scale view as it includes only 12 boys and is gender biased so it is difficult to generalise the findings. Functionalists and Marxists try to address the problem differently, but none of them have satisfying explanations. Functionalists see the education system as providing a positive educational experience which benefits the children and society. They blame working class families or culture for the poor results of working class children. Whereas, Marxists claim that the system oppresses and harms people, and that it only benefits the powerful. Both of them ignore gender, ethnicity and labelling (Stephen Ball) which develops self-fulfilling prophecy (Rosenthal Jacobson) means when people treat you as if you had certain attributes, you start acting that way. All these studies and recent surveys show that there is a class inequality in Britain and education system maintains it. The Sutton Trust suggests a solution: secondary schools should be more balanced and disadvantaged youngsters should be attained in order to be in better position. Tevhide Turkmen How to cite How Fair British Education for All, Papers

Outline History of Music free essay sample

The span of the time between the fall of the west Roman Empire and beginning of the Renaissance period is called the middle age. 1. 1. Music Features ; The Church was the dominated intellectual as well as cultural, therefore not only music but all other arts were linked mainly for serve God. ; There were sacred and secular music. In the first the most of composers were monks or priests, they got an great monophonic repertory which means unaccompanied melodies sung by single voice o In the second kind of music the composers were giving plays constantly, hey adjusted the poems that tell about the human emotions. ; Polyphony which means multiple independent voices sung or played music together was important in both sacred and secular music. 1 . 2 Music for sacred spaces, the great buildings were symbol of delve power. Due to the imposing structures like Churches and Cathedrals which appeared in middle age and provide a huge space, the sacred music fulfilled a great function. We will write a custom essay sample on Outline History of Music or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page O When the necessity of project sacred texts with great clarity across these enormous spaces appeared, then the beauty of he sound would Improve the way to understand the texts and to Inspire the worshippers. 3. Music for entertainment, medieval castles were symbols of secular, worldly power 4.Music for Dancing, In an era where the marriage were closely regulated, the music helped to arise the dance, it was a highly significant social activity 2. The Renaissance, In this era all arts rebirth and with its the spirit of the humanism. 2. 1 Renaissance composers readjust both sacred and secular texts o The idea of the readjust is to link the words and music most directly than aver before o The typical Renaissance vocal composition features a full, rich sound, intricate in both its texture and rhythm 2. 3.Music for Catholics, Music for Protestants o Protestantism (a new branch of Christianity established after the revolutionary motion knowing as Reformation) o The western church divided into two main branches Catholic and Protestant ; For Protestant liturgy the Composers responded writing new music in languages other than Latin. ; Catholic composers redoubled their efforts to write music that move the souls of the faithful 4. Music for growing markets. O Composers and musicians benefited from the enormous economic growth throughout Europe.